Linux is the foundation for thousands of open source operating systems designed to replace Windows and Mac OS. It can be downloaded and installed on any computer for free. Because it is open source, there are different versions or distributions available that have been developed by different groups. Follow this guide for the basic steps to install any version of Linux and some specific steps for some of the most popular ones.
1. Download the Linux distribution of your choice:
If you're new to Linux, consider trying a lightweight, easy-to-use distro like Ubuntu or Linux Mint. Linux distributions (called "distributions") are generally available for free download in ISO format. You can find the ISO for the selected distribution on the distribution's website. You must write this format to a CD or USB stick before installing Linux using this format. This will create a Live CD or Live USB.
1. A LiveCD or LiveUSB is a bootable disc that often contains a preview version of the operating system that you can run directly from the CD or USB stick.
2. Install the picture recorder or, if you are using Windows 7, 8, or Mac OS X, use the recording tools built into your system. Linux Stick and UNetBootin are two popular tools for writing ISO files to USB sticks.
2. Boot into the Live CD or Live USB:
Most computers are initially configured to boot from their hard drive. This means that you will have to change a few settings in order to boot from a freshly burned CD or USB stick. Start by restarting your computer.
1. After the computer restarts, press the button to enter the boot menu. The system key is displayed on the same screen as the manufacturer logo. Common keys are F12, F2, or Del.
(i) For Windows 8 users, hold down the Shift key and click Restart. This will load advanced boot options that you can boot from the CD.
(ii) For Windows 10 users, go to Advanced Startup in Settings and click Restart Now.
If your computer doesn't have direct access to the boot menu from the manufacturer's boot screen, it may be hidden in the BIOS menu. You can access the BIOS menu the same way that you access the boot menu. On the manufacturer's splash screen, the key should appear in one of the lower corners.
2. When the boot menu appears, choose Live CD or USB. After changing the settings, save the BIOS settings or the boot menu and exit the program. The computer continues to boot.
3. Try out the Linux distribution before installing:
Most live CDs and USBs can be booted in a "live" environment so you can test them out before switching. You can't create a file, but you can navigate the interface to see if it suits you.
4. Start the installation process:
When testing a distribution, you can start the installation from an application on your desktop. If you do not want to test the distribution, you can start the installation from the start menu.
1. You will be asked to configure some basic options like language, keyboard layout, time zone, etc.
5. Create a username and password:
To install Linux you will need to create credentials. A password is required to log into your account and perform administrative tasks.
6. Set up the partition:
If you want to dual boot Linux on another operating system, you must install Linux on a partition separate from the other operating systems on your computer. A partition is part of a hard drive that is specially formatted for this operating system. If you are not planning a dual boot, you can skip this step.
1. Distributions like Ubuntu automatically set the recommended partition. You can then adjust this manually. Most Linux installations require at least 20 GB. So make sure you have enough space for your Linux operating system as well as any other programs you might install and any files you create.
2. If the installation process does not create an automatic partition, make sure the partition you created is formatted as Ext4. If the installed copy of Linux is the only operating system on your computer, you will need to set the partition size manually.
7. Boot into Linux:
Linux is the foundation for thousands of open source operating systems designed to replace Windows and Mac OS. It can be downloaded and installed on any computer for free. Because it is open source, there are different versions or distributions available that have been developed by different groups.
1. Follow this guide for the basic steps to install any version of Linux and some specific steps for some of the most popular ones.
8. Check your hardware:
Most of the hardware is ready to go with your Linux distribution, but you may need to download additional drivers to make everything work.
1. Some hardware requires proprietary drivers to function properly on Linux. This is most common with graphics cards. There are open source drivers that generally work, but to get the most out of your graphics card, you'll need to download your own driver from the manufacturer.
2. On Ubuntu, you can download the proprietary driver from the System Preferences menu. Select the Additional Drivers option and select a graphics driver from the list. Other distributions have special options for obtaining additional drivers.
3. You can also find other drivers in this list, such as B. WLAN driver.
9. Start using Linux:
Once the installation is complete and your hardware is working, you can start using Linux. Most distributions have some popular programs installed and you can download additional programs from their respective file repositories.
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